Periodic table of common oxidation states

Interactive periodic table of common oxidation states for every element, most common first. ElementWorks is a free interactive periodic table: hover an element to preview it, click it for its full card, or pick another view from the Show menu.

Periodic table of common oxidation states explained

An oxidation state is the charge an atom would have if its bonds were fully ionic. Many elements show one dominant state, such as +1 for sodium and −2 for oxygen, while transition metals and nonmetals like chlorine and sulfur have several. States are listed most common first.

Data table

Show the full data table (all 118 elements)

Common oxidation states of all 118 elements
No.	Symbol	Element	Common oxidation states
1	H	Hydrogen	+1, −1
2	He	Helium	0
3	Li	Lithium	+1
4	Be	Beryllium	+2
5	B	Boron	+3
6	C	Carbon	+4, −4, +2
7	N	Nitrogen	−3, +5, +3
8	O	Oxygen	−2
9	F	Fluorine	−1
10	Ne	Neon	0
11	Na	Sodium	+1
12	Mg	Magnesium	+2
13	Al	Aluminium	+3
14	Si	Silicon	+4
15	P	Phosphorus	−3, +5, +3
16	S	Sulfur	−2, +6, +4
17	Cl	Chlorine	−1, +1, +5, +7
18	Ar	Argon	0
19	K	Potassium	+1
20	Ca	Calcium	+2
21	Sc	Scandium	+3
22	Ti	Titanium	+4, +3
23	V	Vanadium	+5, +4, +3, +2
24	Cr	Chromium	+3, +6, +2
25	Mn	Manganese	+2, +4, +7
26	Fe	Iron	+3, +2
27	Co	Cobalt	+2, +3
28	Ni	Nickel	+2
29	Cu	Copper	+2, +1
30	Zn	Zinc	+2
31	Ga	Gallium	+3
32	Ge	Germanium	+4, +2
33	As	Arsenic	+3, +5, −3
34	Se	Selenium	−2, +4, +6
35	Br	Bromine	−1, +1, +5
36	Kr	Krypton	0
37	Rb	Rubidium	+1
38	Sr	Strontium	+2
39	Y	Yttrium	+3
40	Zr	Zirconium	+4
41	Nb	Niobium	+5, +3
42	Mo	Molybdenum	+6, +4
43	Tc	Technetium	+7, +4
44	Ru	Ruthenium	+3, +4
45	Rh	Rhodium	+3
46	Pd	Palladium	+2, +4
47	Ag	Silver	+1
48	Cd	Cadmium	+2
49	In	Indium	+3
50	Sn	Tin	+2, +4
51	Sb	Antimony	+3, +5, −3
52	Te	Tellurium	−2, +4, +6
53	I	Iodine	−1, +1, +5, +7
54	Xe	Xenon	0
55	Cs	Cesium	+1
56	Ba	Barium	+2
57	La	Lanthanum	+3
58	Ce	Cerium	+3, +4
59	Pr	Praseodymium	+3
60	Nd	Neodymium	+3
61	Pm	Promethium	+3
62	Sm	Samarium	+3, +2
63	Eu	Europium	+3, +2
64	Gd	Gadolinium	+3
65	Tb	Terbium	+3
66	Dy	Dysprosium	+3
67	Ho	Holmium	+3
68	Er	Erbium	+3
69	Tm	Thulium	+3
70	Yb	Ytterbium	+3, +2
71	Lu	Lutetium	+3
72	Hf	Hafnium	+4
73	Ta	Tantalum	+5
74	W	Tungsten	+6, +4
75	Re	Rhenium	+7, +4
76	Os	Osmium	+4, +8
77	Ir	Iridium	+3, +4
78	Pt	Platinum	+2, +4
79	Au	Gold	+3, +1
80	Hg	Mercury	+2, +1
81	Tl	Thallium	+1, +3
82	Pb	Lead	+2, +4
83	Bi	Bismuth	+3, +5
84	Po	Polonium	+4, +2
85	At	Astatine	−1
86	Rn	Radon	0
87	Fr	Francium	+1
88	Ra	Radium	+2
89	Ac	Actinium	+3
90	Th	Thorium	+4
91	Pa	Protactinium	+5, +4
92	U	Uranium	+6, +4
93	Np	Neptunium	+5
94	Pu	Plutonium	+4, +3
95	Am	Americium	+3
96	Cm	Curium	+3
97	Bk	Berkelium	+3
98	Cf	Californium	+3
99	Es	Einsteinium	+3
100	Fm	Fermium	+3
101	Md	Mendelevium	+3
102	No	Nobelium	+2
103	Lr	Lawrencium	+3
104	Rf	Rutherfordium	—
105	Db	Dubnium	—
106	Sg	Seaborgium	—
107	Bh	Bohrium	—
108	Hs	Hassium	—
109	Mt	Meitnerium	—
110	Ds	Darmstadtium	—
111	Rg	Roentgenium	—
112	Cn	Copernicium	—
113	Nh	Nihonium	—
114	Fl	Flerovium	—
115	Mc	Moscovium	—
116	Lv	Livermorium	—
117	Ts	Tennessine	—
118	Og	Oganesson	—

Frequently asked questions

What is the oxidation state of oxygen?

Usually −2. Exceptions include peroxides (−1) and compounds with fluorine.

What is the difference between oxidation state and ion charge?

Ion charge is the real charge on a monatomic ion. Oxidation state is a bookkeeping value that also applies to atoms in covalent compounds.

Which elements have many oxidation states?

Transition metals such as manganese (+2 to +7) and chromium, and nonmetals such as chlorine and sulfur.