Periodic table of elements in Earth’s crust

Interactive periodic table showing the percent by mass of each element in Earth’s crust. ElementWorks is a free interactive periodic table: hover an element to preview it, click it for its full card, or pick another view from the Show menu.

Periodic table of elements in Earth’s crust explained

This table shows the approximate percent by mass of each element in Earth’s crust. Oxygen and silicon together make up about three quarters of it, mostly as silicate minerals. Aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, magnesium and potassium are the other abundant elements. Values are approximate and sources differ in later digits.

Highest values

Oxygen (O): 46.1 %
Silicon (Si): 28.2 %
Aluminium (Al): 8.23 %
Iron (Fe): 5.63 %
Calcium (Ca): 4.15 %

Lowest values

Gold (Au): 0 %
Platinum (Pt): 0 %
Palladium (Pd): 0 %
Selenium (Se): 0 %
Silver (Ag): 0 %

Data table

Show the full data table (all 118 elements)

% of Earth’s crust of all 118 elements
No.	Symbol	Element	% of Earth’s crust
1	H	Hydrogen	0.14 %
2	He	Helium	—
3	Li	Lithium	0.002 %
4	Be	Beryllium	0.0003 %
5	B	Boron	0.001 %
6	C	Carbon	0.02 %
7	N	Nitrogen	0.0019 %
8	O	Oxygen	46.1 %
9	F	Fluorine	0.0585 %
10	Ne	Neon	—
11	Na	Sodium	2.36 %
12	Mg	Magnesium	2.33 %
13	Al	Aluminium	8.23 %
14	Si	Silicon	28.2 %
15	P	Phosphorus	0.105 %
16	S	Sulfur	0.035 %
17	Cl	Chlorine	0.0145 %
18	Ar	Argon	—
19	K	Potassium	2.09 %
20	Ca	Calcium	4.15 %
21	Sc	Scandium	0.0022 %
22	Ti	Titanium	0.565 %
23	V	Vanadium	0.012 %
24	Cr	Chromium	0.0102 %
25	Mn	Manganese	0.095 %
26	Fe	Iron	5.63 %
27	Co	Cobalt	0.0025 %
28	Ni	Nickel	0.0084 %
29	Cu	Copper	0.006 %
30	Zn	Zinc	0.007 %
31	Ga	Gallium	0.0019 %
32	Ge	Germanium	0.0001 %
33	As	Arsenic	0.0002 %
34	Se	Selenium	0 %
35	Br	Bromine	0.0003 %
36	Kr	Krypton	—
37	Rb	Rubidium	0.009 %
38	Sr	Strontium	0.037 %
39	Y	Yttrium	0.0033 %
40	Zr	Zirconium	0.0165 %
41	Nb	Niobium	0.002 %
42	Mo	Molybdenum	0.0001 %
43	Tc	Technetium	—
44	Ru	Ruthenium	—
45	Rh	Rhodium	—
46	Pd	Palladium	0 %
47	Ag	Silver	0 %
48	Cd	Cadmium	0 %
49	In	Indium	0 %
50	Sn	Tin	0.0002 %
51	Sb	Antimony	0 %
52	Te	Tellurium	—
53	I	Iodine	0 %
54	Xe	Xenon	—
55	Cs	Cesium	0.0003 %
56	Ba	Barium	0.0425 %
57	La	Lanthanum	0.0039 %
58	Ce	Cerium	0.0066 %
59	Pr	Praseodymium	0.0009 %
60	Nd	Neodymium	0.0041 %
61	Pm	Promethium	—
62	Sm	Samarium	0.0007 %
63	Eu	Europium	0.0002 %
64	Gd	Gadolinium	0.0006 %
65	Tb	Terbium	0.0001 %
66	Dy	Dysprosium	0.0005 %
67	Ho	Holmium	0.0001 %
68	Er	Erbium	0.0003 %
69	Tm	Thulium	0.0001 %
70	Yb	Ytterbium	0.0003 %
71	Lu	Lutetium	0.0001 %
72	Hf	Hafnium	0.0003 %
73	Ta	Tantalum	0.0002 %
74	W	Tungsten	0.0001 %
75	Re	Rhenium	—
76	Os	Osmium	—
77	Ir	Iridium	—
78	Pt	Platinum	0 %
79	Au	Gold	0 %
80	Hg	Mercury	0 %
81	Tl	Thallium	0.0001 %
82	Pb	Lead	0.0014 %
83	Bi	Bismuth	0 %
84	Po	Polonium	—
85	At	Astatine	—
86	Rn	Radon	—
87	Fr	Francium	—
88	Ra	Radium	—
89	Ac	Actinium	—
90	Th	Thorium	0.001 %
91	Pa	Protactinium	—
92	U	Uranium	0.0003 %
93	Np	Neptunium	—
94	Pu	Plutonium	—
95	Am	Americium	—
96	Cm	Curium	—
97	Bk	Berkelium	—
98	Cf	Californium	—
99	Es	Einsteinium	—
100	Fm	Fermium	—
101	Md	Mendelevium	—
102	No	Nobelium	—
103	Lr	Lawrencium	—
104	Rf	Rutherfordium	—
105	Db	Dubnium	—
106	Sg	Seaborgium	—
107	Bh	Bohrium	—
108	Hs	Hassium	—
109	Mt	Meitnerium	—
110	Ds	Darmstadtium	—
111	Rg	Roentgenium	—
112	Cn	Copernicium	—
113	Nh	Nihonium	—
114	Fl	Flerovium	—
115	Mc	Moscovium	—
116	Lv	Livermorium	—
117	Ts	Tennessine	—
118	Og	Oganesson	—

Frequently asked questions

What is the most abundant element in Earth’s crust?

Oxygen, at about 46 percent by mass, followed by silicon at about 28 percent.

Which metal is the most abundant in the crust?

Aluminum, at about 8 percent by mass, then iron at about 5.6 percent.

Why are the numbers approximate?

Crust composition is estimated from samples and models, so published values differ slightly.